Network Troubleshooting

Send Echo Request packets to a destination (IP address or a hostname) to check if it is reachable. You can specify the following options:

Option	Description
count	The number of Echo Request packets to send. You can specify a value between 1 and 10. The default packet count is 3.
interval	How often to send Echo Request packets. You can specify a value between 0.1 and 5 seconds. The default value is 4.
size	The Echo Request packet size in bytes. You can specify a value between 1 and 9216. The default value is 64.
wait	The number of seconds to wait for an Echo Reply packet before the ping request times out. You can specify a value between 0.1 and 10. The default value is 10.
source	The source IP address from which to send the Echo Request packets.
source-interface	The source interface from which to send the Echo Request packets.
do-not-fragment	Do not fragment. If the packet is larger than the maximum transmission unit (MTU) of any network segment it traverses, drop the packet instead of fragmenting the packet.
l3protocol	The layer 3 protocol you want to use to send the Echo Request packets. You can specify IPv4 or IPv6. If you don’t specify either IPv4 or IPv6, ping uses IPv4.
vrf	The VRF you want to use.
source-interface	The source interface from which to send Echo Request packets for a link local address. IPv6 only.

The following example sends Echo Request packets to destination 10.10.10.2 to check if it is reachable.

cumulus@switch:~$ nv action ping system 10.10.10.2
Action executing ...
{
    "sent": 3,
    "received": 3,
    "min_time": 602000,
    "avg_time": 790000,
    "max_time": 1090000,
    "packets_info": {
        "1": {
            "bytes": 64,
            "source": "10.10.10.2",
            "ttl": 64,
            "time": 1090000
        },
        "2": {
            "bytes": 64,
            "source": "10.10.10.2",
            "ttl": 64,
            "time": 680000
        },
        "3": {
            "bytes": 64,
            "source": "10.10.10.2",
            "ttl": 64,
            "time": 602000
        }
    }
}
Action succeeded

The following example sends Echo Request packets to IPv6 destination fe80::4ab0:2dff:fee4:e069 to check if it is reachable.

cumulus@switch:~$ nv action ping system fe80::4ab0:2dff:fee4:e069 l3protocol ipv6
Action executing ...
{
    "sent": 3,
    "received": 3,
    "min_time": 58000,
    "avg_time": 87000,
    "max_time": 141000,
    "packets_info": {
        "1": {
            "bytes": 64,
            "source": "fe80::4ab0:2dff:fee4:e069%peerlink.4094",
            "ttl": 64,
            "time": 141000
        },
        "2": {
            "bytes": 64,
            "source": "fe80::4ab0:2dff:fee4:e069%peerlink.4094",
            "ttl": 64,
            "time": 58000
        },
        "3": {
            "bytes": 64,
            "source": "fe80::4ab0:2dff:fee4:e069%peerlink.4094",
            "ttl": 64,
            "time": 63000
        }
    }
}
Action succeeded

The following example sends 5 Echo Request packets every 2 seconds to check if destination 10.10.10.2 is reachable and waits for 3 seconds for an Echo Reply packet before timing out.

cumulus@switch:~$ nv action ping system 10.10.10.2 count 5 interval 2 wait 3
Action executing ...
{
    "sent": 5,
    "received": 5,
    "min_time": 569000,
    "avg_time": 647000,
    "max_time": 801000,
    "packets_info": {
        "1": {
            "bytes": 64,
            "source": "10.10.10.2",
            "ttl": 64,
            "time": 660000
        },
        "2": {
            "bytes": 64,
            "source": "10.10.10.2",
            "ttl": 64,
            "time": 625000
        },
        "3": {
            "bytes": 64,
            "source": "10.10.10.2",
            "ttl": 64,
            "time": 569000
        },
        "4": {
            "bytes": 64,
            "source": "10.10.10.2",
            "ttl": 64,
            "time": 801000
        },
        "5": {
            "bytes": 64,
            "source": "10.10.10.2",
            "ttl": 64,
            "time": 580000
        }
    }
}
Action succeeded

The following example sends 50-byte Echo Request packets to check if destination 10.10.10.2 is reachable.

cumulus@switch:~$ nv action ping system 10.10.10.2 size 50
Action executing ...
{
    "sent": 3,
    "received": 3,
    "min_time": 610000,
    "avg_time": 845000,
    "max_time": 1008000,
    "packets_info": {
        "1": {
            "bytes": 58,
            "source": "10.10.10.2",
            "ttl": 64,
            "time": 610000
        },
        "2": {
            "bytes": 58,
            "source": "10.10.10.2",
            "ttl": 64,
            "time": 917000
        },
        "3": {
            "bytes": 58,
            "source": "10.10.10.2",
            "ttl": 64,
            "time": 1010000
        }
    }
}
Action succeeded

The following example checks if destination 10.10.10.2 is reachable and drops the packet instead of fragmenting it if the packet is larger than the maximum transmission unit (MTU) of any network segment it traverses.

cumulus@switch:~$ nv action ping system 10.10.10.2 do-not-fragment
Action executing ...
{
    "sent": 3,
    "received": 3,
    "min_time": 651000,
    "avg_time": 827000,
    "max_time": 1071000,
    "packets_info": {
        "1": {
            "bytes": 64,
            "source": "10.10.10.2",
            "ttl": 64,
            "time": 1070000
        },
        "2": {
            "bytes": 64,
            "source": "10.10.10.2",
            "ttl": 64,
            "time": 651000
        },
        "3": {
            "bytes": 64,
            "source": "10.10.10.2",
            "ttl": 64,
            "time": 761000
        }
    }
}
Action succeeded

The following example sends Echo Request packets to destination 10.10.10.2 from the source IP address 10.10.10.1

cumulus@switch:~$ nv action ping system 10.10.10.2 source 10.10.10.1
Action executing ...
{
    "sent": 3,
    "received": 3,
    "min_time": 434000,
    "avg_time": 574000,
    "max_time": 812000,
    "packets_info": {
        "1": {
            "bytes": 64,
            "source": "10.10.10.2",
            "ttl": 64,
            "time": 812000
        },
        "2": {
            "bytes": 64,
            "source": "10.10.10.2",
            "ttl": 64,
            "time": 478000
        },
        "3": {
            "bytes": 64,
            "source": "10.10.10.2",
            "ttl": 64,
            "time": 434000
        }
    }
}
Action succeeded

The following example sends Echo Request packets to destination 10.10.10.2 from the source IP address 10.10.10.1 in the management VRF:

cumulus@switch:~$ nv action ping system 10.10.10.2 source 10.10.10.1 vrf mgmt
Action executing ...
{
    "sent": 3,
    "received": 3,
    "min_time": 617000,
    "avg_time": 695000,
    "max_time": 837000,
    "packets_info": {
        "1": {
            "bytes": 64,
            "source": "10.10.10.2",
            "ttl": 64,
            "time": 617000
        },
        "2": {
            "bytes": 64,
            "source": "10.10.10.2",
            "ttl": 64,
            "time": 837000
        },
        "3": {
            "bytes": 64,
            "source": "10.10.10.2",
            "ttl": 64,
            "time": 631000
        }
    }
}
Action succeeded

The following example sends Echo Request packets to destination fe80::4638:39ff:fe00:5a from source interface bond1.

cumulus@switch:~$ nv action ping system fe80::4638:39ff:fe00:5a source-interface bond1
nv action ping system fe80::4638:39ff:fe00:5a source-interface bond1
Error: Action failed with the following issue:

3 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 2056ms

You send Echo Request packets to a destination (IP address or a hostname) to check if it is reachable. In addition, you can specify the following options:

Option	Description
-c	The number of Echo Request packets to send. You can specify a value between 1 and 10. The default packet count is 3.
-i	How often two send Echo Request packets. You can specify a value between 0.1 and 5 seconds. The default value is 4.
-s	The packet size in bytes. You can specify a value between 1 and 9216. The default value is 64.
-W	The number of seconds to wait for an Echo Reply packet before the ping request times out. You can specify a value between 0.1 and 10. The default value is 10.
-I <ip-address>	The source IP address from which to send the Echo Request packets.
M do	Do not fragment. If the packet is larger than the maximum transmission unit (MTU) of any network segment it traverses, drop the packet instead of fragmenting the packet.
<l3protocol>	The layer 3 protocol you want to use to send the Echo Request packets. You can specify -4 for IPv4 or -6 for IPv6. If you don’t specify either IPv4 or IPv6, ping uses IPv4.
-I <vrf-name>	The VRF you want to use.
-6 <ipv6-address>%<interface>	The source interface from which to send Echo Request packets for a link local address. IPv6 only.

The following example checks if destination 10.10.10.2 is reachable on the network.

cumulus@switch:~$ ping 10.10.10.2
vrf-wrapper.sh: switching to vrf "default"; use '--no-vrf-switch' to disable
PING 10.10.10.2 (10.10.10.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.719 ms
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.711 ms
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.710 ms
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.607 ms
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.882 ms
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.808 ms
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=7 ttl=64 time=0.833 ms
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=8 ttl=64 time=0.680 ms
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=9 ttl=64 time=0.790 ms
...

The following example sends Echo Request packets to destination fe80::4ab0:2dff:fee4:e069 for IPv6.

cumulus@switch:~$ ping -6 fe80::4ab0:2dff:fee4:e069
vrf-wrapper.sh: switching to vrf "default"; use '--no-vrf-switch' to disable
PING fe80::4ab0:2dff:fee4:e069(fe80::4ab0:2dff:fee4:e069) 56 data bytes
64 bytes from fe80::4ab0:2dff:fee4:e069%peerlink.4094: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.067 ms
64 bytes from fe80::4ab0:2dff:fee4:e069%peerlink.4094: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.058 ms
64 bytes from fe80::4ab0:2dff:fee4:e069%peerlink.4094: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.029 ms
64 bytes from fe80::4ab0:2dff:fee4:e069%peerlink.4094: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.061 ms
64 bytes from fe80::4ab0:2dff:fee4:e069%peerlink.4094: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.038 ms
...

The following example sends 5 Echo Request packets every two seconds to check if destination 10.10.10.2 is reachable on the network and waits for 3 seconds for an Echo Reply packet before timing out.

cumulus@switch:~$ ping -c 5 -i 2 -W 3 10.10.10.2
vrf-wrapper.sh: switching to vrf "default"; use '--no-vrf-switch' to disable
PING 10.10.10.2 (10.10.10.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.901 ms
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.833 ms
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.834 ms
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=1.06 ms
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=1.08 ms
...

The following example sends 50-byte Echo Request packets to check if destination 10.10.10.2 is reachable on the network.

cumulus@switch:~$ ping -s 50 10.10.10.2
vrf-wrapper.sh: switching to vrf "default"; use '--no-vrf-switch' to disable
PING 10.10.10.2 (10.10.10.2) 50(78) bytes of data.
58 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.04 ms
58 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.748 ms
58 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.782 ms
58 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.683 ms
58 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.951 ms
58 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.646 ms
58 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=7 ttl=64 time=0.809 ms
58 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=8 ttl=64 time=0.672 ms
58 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=9 ttl=64 time=0.640 ms
58 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=10 ttl=64 time=0.679 ms
58 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=11 ttl=64 time=0.667 m
...

The following example checks if destination 10.10.10.2 is reachable and sets the do not fragment bit for IPv4.

cumulus@switch:~$ ping -M do 10.10.10.2
vrf-wrapper.sh: switching to vrf "default"; use '--no-vrf-switch' to disable
PING 10.10.10.2 (10.10.10.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.722 ms
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.708 ms
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.633 ms
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=1.11 ms
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.519 ms
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=1.04 ms
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=7 ttl=64 time=0.716 ms
...

The following example sends Echo Request packets to destination 10.10.10.2 from the source IP address 10.10.10.1 for the management VRF.

cumulus@switch:~$ ping -I mgmt 10.10.10.1 10.10.10.2
vrf-wrapper.sh: switching to vrf "default"; use '--no-vrf-switch' to disable
PING 10.10.10.2 (10.10.10.2) from 192.168.200.11 mgmt: 56(124) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.722 ms
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.708 ms
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.633 ms
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=1.11 ms
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.519 ms
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=1.04 ms
64 bytes from 10.10.10.2: icmp_seq=7 ttl=64 time=0.716 ms
...

The following example sends Echo Request packets to destination fe80::a00:27ff:fe00:0 from source interface bond1.

cumulus@switch:~$  ping -6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe00:0%bond1
vrf-wrapper.sh: switching to vrf "default"; use '--no-vrf-switch' to disable
PING fe80::a00:27ff:fe00:0%bond1(fe80::a00:27ff:fe00:0%bond1)
64 bytes from ::1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.044 ms
64 bytes from ::1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.058 ms
64 bytes from ::1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.292 ms
64 bytes from ::1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.026 ms
64 bytes from ::1: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.055 ms
64 bytes from ::1: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.056 ms
...

Send traceroute packets to a destination with the nv action traceroute system <destination> command. The destination can be either an IP address or a domain name. You can specify the following options:

Option	Description
max-ttl	The maximum number of hops to reach the destination. You can specify a value between 1 and 30. The default is 30.
initial-ttl	The minimum number of hops to reach the destination. You can specify a value between 1 and 30. The default is 1. The minimum number of hops must be less than or equal to the maximum number of hops.
wait	The maximum number of nanoseconds to wait for a response from each hop. You can specify a value between 0.1 and 10. The maximum number of hops must be more than or equal to the minimum number of hops.
vrf	The VRF to use.
source	The source IP address from which the route originates.
l3protocol	The layer 3 protocol to use for the traceroute; ipv4 or ipv6. The default is ipv4.
l4protocol	The layer 4 protocol to use for the traceroute; icmp, tcp, or udp. The default is icmp.
do-not-fragment	Do not fragment. Trace the route to the destination without fragmentation.

The following example validates the route path to IPv4 destination 10.10.10.2.

cumulus@switch:~$ nv action traceroute system 10.10.10.2
Action executing ...
traceroute response 
{
  "destination_name": "10.10.10.2",
  "destination_address": "10.10.10.2",
  "hops": 30,
  "packet_size": 60,
  "trace": {
    "1": {
      "hop": 1,
      "address": "*",
      "name": "*",
      "rtt": [],
      "state": "NONE"
    },
    "2": {
      "hop": 2,
      "address": "*",
      "name": "*",
      "rtt": [],
      "state": "NONE"
    },
    "3": {
      "address": "*",
      "name": "*",
      "rtt": [],
      "state": "NONE"
    },
...

The following example validates the route path to IPv6 destination 2001:DB8::1.

cumulus@switch:~$ nv action traceroute system 2001:DB8::1 l3protocol ipv6
Action executing ...
traceroute response 
{
  "destination_name": "",
  "destination_address": "",
  "hops": 1,
  "packet_size": 60,
  "trace": {
    "1": {
      "hop": 0,
      "address": "",
      "name": "",
      "rtt": [],
      "state": "DEFAULT"
    }
  }
}
Action succeeded

The following example validates the path to destination 10.10.10.2 with 5 minimum hops and 10 maximum hops.

cumulus@switch:~$ nv action traceroute system 10.10.10.2 initial-ttl 5 max-ttl 10
Action executing ...
traceroute response 
{
  "destination_name": "10.10.10.2",
  "destination_address": "10.10.10.2",
  "hops": 6,
  "packet_size": 60,
  "trace": {
    "1": {
      "hop": 5,
      "address": "*",
      "name": "*",
      "rtt": [],
      "state": "NONE"
    },
    "2": {
      "hop": 6,
      "address": "*",
      "name": "*",
      "rtt": [],
      "state": "NONE"
    },
    "3": {
      "hop": 7,
      "address": "*",
      "name": "*",
      "rtt": [],
      "state": "NONE"
    },
...

The following example sends UDP packets to validate the path to destination 10.10.10.2 and waits 2 nanoseconds for a response.

cumulus@switch:~$ nv action traceroute system 10.10.10.2 l4protocol udp wait 2
Action executing ...
traceroute response 
{
  "destination_name": "10.10.10.2",
  "destination_address": "10.10.10.2",
  "hops": 30,
  "packet_size": 60,
  "trace": {
    "1": {
      "hop": 1,
      "address": "*",
      "name": "*",
      "rtt": [],
      "state": "NONE"
    },
    "2": {
      "hop": 2,
      "address": "*",
      "name": "*",
      "rtt": [],
      "state": "NONE"
    },
    "3": {
      "hop": 3,
      "address": "*",
      "name": "*",
      "rtt": [],
      "state": "NONE"
    },
...

The following example validates the path to destination 10.10.10.2 from the source IP address 10.10.10.1.

cumulus@switch:~$ nv action traceroute system 10.10.10.2 source 10.10.10.1
Action executing ...
traceroute response 
{
  "destination_name": "10.10.10.2",
  "destination_address": "10.10.10.2",
  "hops": 30,
  "packet_size": 60,
  "trace": {
    "1": {
      "hop": 1,
      "address": "*",
      "name": "*",
      "rtt": [],
      "state": "NONE"
    },
    "2": {
      "hop": 2,
      "address": "*",
      "name": "*",
      "rtt": [],
      "state": "NONE"
    },
    "3": {
      "hop": 3,
      "address": "*",
      "name": "*",
      "rtt": [],
      "state": "NONE"
    },
    "4":
...

The following example validates the path to destination 10.10.10.2 from the source IP address 10.0.0.1 in the management VRF.

cumulus@switch:~$ nv action traceroute system 10.10.10.2 source 10.10.10.1 vrf mgmt
Action executing ...
traceroute response 
{
  "destination_name": "10.10.10.2",
  "destination_address": "10.10.10.2",
  "hops": 30,
  "packet_size": 60,
  "trace": {
    "1": {
      "hop": 1,
      "address": "*",
      "name": "*",
      "rtt": [],
      "state": "NONE"
    },
    "2": {
      "hop": 2,
      "address": "*",
      "name": "*",
      "rtt": [],
      "state": "NONE"
    },
    "3": {
      "hop": 3,
      "address": "*",
      "name": "*",
      "rtt": [],
      "state": "NONE"
    },
...

You send traceroute packets to a destination with the traceroute command. The destination can be either an IP address or a domain name. You can specify the following options:

Option	Description
-m	The maximum number of hops to reach the destination. You can specify a value between 1 and 30. The default is 30.
-s	The source IP address from which the route originates.
-f	The minimum number of hops to reach the destination. You can specify a value between 1 and 30. The default is 1. The minimum number of hops must be less than or equal to the maximum number of hops.
-w	The maximum number of nanoseconds to wait for a response from each hop. You can specify a value between 0.1 and 10.
-i	The VRF to use.
<layer3-protocol>	The layer 3 protocol; -4 for IPv4 or -6 for IPv6. The default is IPv4.
<layer4-protocol>	The layer 4 protocol packets to send; -I for ICMP, -T for TCP, or -U for UDP.
-F	Do not fragment. Trace the route to the destination without fragmentation.

The following example validates the route path to IPv4 destination 10.10.10.2.

cumulus@switch:~$ traceroute 10.10.10.2
vrf-wrapper.sh: switching to vrf "default"; use '--no-vrf-switch' to disable
traceroute to 10.10.10.2 (10.10.10.2), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
 1  * * *
 2  * * *
 3  * * *
 4  * * *
 5  * * *
 6  * * *
 7  * * *
 8  * * *
 9  * * *
10  * * *
...

The following example validates the route path to IPv6 destination 2001:DB8::1.

cumulus@switch:~$ traceroute -6 2001:DB8::1
vrf-wrapper.sh: switching to vrf "default"; use '--no-vrf-switch' to disable
traceroute to 2001:DB8::1 (::1), 30 hops max, 80 byte packets
 1  * * *
 2  * * *
 3  * * *
 4  * * *
 5  * * *
 6  * * *
 7  * * *

The following example validates the path to destination 10.10.10.2 with 5 minimum hops and 10 maximum hops.

cumulus@switch:~$ traceroute -f 5 -m 10 10.10.10.2
vrf-wrapper.sh: switching to vrf "default"; use '--no-vrf-switch' to disable
traceroute to 10.10.10.2 (10.10.10.2), 10 hops max, 60 byte packets
 5  * * *
 6  * * *
 7  * * *
 8  * * *
 9  * * *

The following example sends UDP packets to validate the path to destination 10.10.10.2 and waits 2 nanoseconds for a response.

cumulus@switch:~$ traceroute  -U -w 2 10.10.10.2
vrf-wrapper.sh: switching to vrf "default"; use '--no-vrf-switch' to disable
traceroute to 10.10.10.2 (10.10.10.2), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
 1  * * *
 2  * * *
 3  * * *
 4  * * *
 5  * * *
 6  * * *
 7  * * *

The following example validates the path to destination 10.10.10.2 from the source IP address 10.10.10.1.

cumulus@switch:~$ traceroute -s 10.10.10.1 10.10.10.2
vrf-wrapper.sh: switching to vrf "default"; use '--no-vrf-switch' to disable
traceroute to 10.10.10.2 (10.10.10.2), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
 1  * * *
 2  * * *
 3  * * *
 4  * * *
 5  * * *
 6  * * *
 7  * * *
 8  * * *
...

The following example validates the path to destination 10.10.10.2 from the source IP address 10.0.0.1 in the management VRF.

cumulus@switch:~$ traceroute -s 10.10.10.1 -i mgmt 10.10.10.2
vrf-wrapper.sh: switching to vrf "default"; use '--no-vrf-switch' to disable
traceroute to 10.10.10.2 (10.10.10.2), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
 1  * * *
 2  * * *
 3  * * *
 4  * * *
 5  * * *
 6  * * *
 7  * * *
 8  * * *
...